▪ Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other retroviruses acquire their
envelopes and spread infection by budding through the limiting membranes of producer …

Microtubule-mediated transport of macromolecules and organelles (also known as" cargo")
is essential for cells to function. Deficiencies in cytoplasmic transport are frequently …

HIV release requires TSG101, a cellular factor that sorts proteins into vesicles that bud into
multivesicular bodies (MVB). To test whether other proteins involved in MVB biogenesis (the …

A critical early event in the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) particle assembly pathway is the targeting of
the Gag protein to the site of virus assembly. In many cell types, assembly takes place …

Exosomes are secreted organelles that have the same topology as the cell and bud outward
(outward is defined as away from the cytoplasm) from endosome membranes or endosome …

The incorporation of viral genomes into particles has never previously been imaged in live
infected cells. Thus, for many viruses it is unknown how the recruitment and packaging of …

As retroviruses assemble in infected cells, two copies of their full-length, unspliced RNA
genomes are selected for packaging from a cellular milieu that contains a substantial excess …

Recently proposed models that have gained wide acceptance posit that HIV-1 virion
morphogenesis is initiated by targeting the major structural protein (Gag) to late endosomal …

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type-1 viral protein U (Vpu) protein enhances the
release of diverse retroviruses from human, but not monkey, cells and is thought to do so by …

The release of retrovirus particles from the infected cell is greatly stimulated by short motifs,
known as “late” or “L” domains, present within the Gag precursor protein. Three distinct …