This paper presents the first complete estimate of the phylogenetic relationships among all
197 species of extant and recently extinct ruminants combining morphological, ethological …

Despite the biological and economic importance of the Cetartiodactyla, the phylogeny of this
clade remains controversial. Using the supertree approach of matrix representation with …

The family Cervidae includes 40 species of deer distributed throughout the northern
hemisphere, as well as in South America and Southeast Asia. Here, we examine the …

In order to understand the origin, phylogeny, and phylogeography of the species Cervus
elaphus, we examined the DNA sequence variation of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene …

Systematic relationships of cervids have been controversial for decades. Despite new input
from molecular systematics, consensus could only be partially reached. The initial, gross …

The phylogenetic pattern and timing of the radiation of Old World deer was determined
based on the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from 33 Cervinae taxa. Using …

The ruminants constitute the largest group of ungulates, with> 190 species, and its
distribution is widespread throughout all continents except Australia and Antarctica. Six …

The entire mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA D-loop) was sequenced in the seven
extant species of Alectoris partridges. The D-loop length is very conserved (1155±2 …

Organisms living at high altitude are exposed to severe environmental stress associated
with decreased oxygen pressure, cold temperatures, increased levels of UV radiation, steep …

The Italian wolf (Canis lupus) population has declined continuously over the last few
centuries and become isolated as a result of the extermination of other populations in central …