Roughly one quarter of all genes code for integral membrane proteins that are inserted into
the plasma membrane of prokaryotes or the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of …

Biogenesis of mitochondria requires the import of approximately 1,000 different precursor
proteins into and across the mitochondrial membranes. Mitochondria exhibit a wide variety …

NAMD is a molecular dynamics program designed for high-performance simulations of very
large biological objects on CPU-and GPU-based architectures. NAMD offers scalable …

Despite decades of work by structural biologists, there are still~ 5200 protein families with
unknown structure outside the range of comparative modeling. We show that Rosetta …

Biological membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex in terms of molecular
composition and structure, functional over a wide range of time scales, and characterized by …

Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are tethered to the mitochondrial inner membrane
to facilitate the cotranslational membrane insertion of the synthesized proteins. We report …

The cellular membrane constitutes one of the most fundamental compartments of a living
cell, where key processes such as selective transport of material and exchange of …

Many proteins are translocated across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in
eukaryotes or the plasma membrane in prokaryotes. These proteins use hydrophobic signal …

The biogenesis, folding, and structure of α-helical membrane proteins (MPs) are important to
understand because they underlie virtually all physiological processes in cells including key …

Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) perform protein synthesis inside mitochondria, the
organelles responsible for energy conversion and adenosine triphosphate production in …