Adenosine is an evolutionary ancient metabolic regulator linking energy state to physiologic
processes, including immunomodulation and cell proliferation. Tumors create an adenosine …

The regulatory approval of ipilimumab (Yervoy) in 2011 ushered in a new era of cancer
immunotherapies with durable clinical effects. Most of these breakthrough medicines are …

Pharmacological tool compounds are now available to define action at the adenosine (ARs),
P2Y and P2X receptors. We present a selection of the most commonly used agents to study …

Extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides mediate diverse signaling effects in virtually all
organs and tissues. Most models of purinergic signaling depend on functional interactions …

Vanadium is an element ubiquitously present in our planet's crust and thus there are several
organisms that use vanadium for activity or function of proteins. Examples are the vanadium …

Alkaline phosphatases are found in different living species and play crucial roles in various
significant functions, such as hydrolyzing a variable spectrum of phosphate‐containing …

Ectonucleotidases are key for purinergic signaling. They control the duration of activity of
purinergic receptor agonists. At the same time, they produce hydrolysis products as …

This review is a historical account about purinergic signalling in the heart, for readers to see
how ideas and understanding have changed as new experimental results were published …

Geoffrey Burnstock will be remembered as the scientist who set up an entirely new field of
intercellular communication, signaling via nucleotides. The signaling cascades involved in …

The neuroprotective role of adenosine and the deregulation of adenosine receptors in
Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been extensively studied in recent years. However, little is …