In forests, trees such as oaks (Quercus spp.) fulfill key ecological functions, including nutrient
and water cycling. In the last decades, climate change and its related environmental …

Abstract Purpose of Review Within the discipline of invasion science, researchers studying
different taxonomic groups have developed distinct ways of investigating the phenomenon …

European forests are threatened by increasing numbers of invasive pests and pathogens.
Over the past century, Lecanosticta acicola, a foliar pathogen predominantly of Pinus spp …

The genus Armillaria includes at least 38 species, most of which are facultative necrotrophs
(Gregory and Rishbeth 1991). Pathogenicity of these organisms can result in Armillaria root …

Brown spot needle blight (BSNB), caused by Lecanosticta acicola (Thüm.) Syd., is an
emerging forest disease of Pinus species originating from North America and introduced to …

Global warming affects the abiotic and biotic growth environment of plants, including the
spread of fungal diseases such as Dutch elm disease (DED). Dutch elm disease-resistance …

Tree pests affect millions of hectares of natural and managed land annually, but we often
lack a strong understanding of the factors limiting pest distributions and the drivers that …

Elms are important amenity trees in the European part of Russia, incl. the St. Petersburg and
Leningrad Region. The native species Ulmus glabra and U. laevis mainly grow there, on the …

In an era of climate change and global trade, forests sustainability is endangered by several
biotic threats. Pine pitch canker (PPC), caused by Fusarium circinatum, is one of the most …

Pitch canker caused by the fungus Fusarium circinatum is an important disease affecting
pine trees in Europe and South Africa. Several countries, including China, have listed F …