Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and manipulation of spin
degrees of freedom in solid-state systems. This article reviews the current status of this …

The phenomenology of exchange bias and related effects in nanostructures is reviewed.
The types of systems discussed include: lithographically fabricated ferromagnetic (FM) …

Nonvolatile memory technologies in Si-based electronics date back to the 1990s.
Ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) was one of the most promising devices replacing …

Some of the most relevant finite-size and surface effects in the magnetic and transport
properties of magnetic fine particles and granular solids are reviewed. The stability of the …

Solvents are widely used in commercial manufacturing and service industries. Despite
abundant precaution, they inevitably contaminate our air, land, and water because they are …

The phenomenon of electron tunnelling has been known since the advent of quantum
mechanics, but continues to enrich our understanding of many fields of physics, as well as …

Research in semiconductor spintronics aims to extend the scope of conventional electronics
by using the spin degree of freedom of an electron in addition to its charge. Significant …

Magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) technology combines a spintronic device
with standard silicon-based microelectronics to obtain a combination of attributes not found …

The ability to understand and control the unique properties of interfaces has created an
entirely new field of magnetism, with profound impact in technology and serving as the basis …

A parallel finite element micromagnetics package has been implemented, that is highly
scalable, easily portable and combines different solvers for the micromagnetic equations …