Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota play a crucial role in the bidirectional
communication between the gut and the brain suggesting that the gut microbes may shape …

Antibiotics are lifesaving therapeutic drugs that have been used by human for decades.
They are used both in the fight against bacterial pathogens for both human and for animal …

Honoured as the second genome in humans, the gut microbiota is involved in a
constellation of physiological and pathological processes, including those related to the …

Drug‐resistant epileptic patients make up approximately one‐third of the global epilepsy
population. The pathophysiology of drug resistance has not been fully elucidated; however …

Drug resistance continues to be a major clinical problem in the therapeutic management of
canine epilepsies with substantial implications for quality of life and survival times …

Epilepsy is a challenging brain disorder that is often difficult to treat with conventional
therapies. The gut microbiota has been shown to play an important role in the development …

Epilepsy as a chronic neurological disorder is characterized by recurrent, unprovoked
epileptic seizures. In about half of the people who suffer from epilepsy, the root cause of the …

Aim Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic brain disorders that affect millions of
people worldwide. In the present study, we investigated the effects of probiotic …

Billions of years of co-evolution has made mitochondria central to the eukaryotic cell and
organism life playing the role of cellular power plants, as indeed they are involved in most, if …

Background An increasing number of observational studies have revealed an association
among the gut microbiota, gut metabolites, and epilepsy. However, this association is easily …