Circadian rhythms and sleep are fundamental biological processes integral to human
health. Their disruption is associated with detrimental physiological consequences …

To accommodate daily recurring environmental changes, animals show cyclic variations in
behaviour and physiology, which include prominent behavioural states such as sleep–wake …

Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine Molecular insights into diurnal variations in human
physiology and behavior are extending our understanding of a wide range of disease …

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is remarkable. Despite numbering
only about 10,000 neurons on each side of the third ventricle, the SCN is our principal …

Circadian clocks are endogenous oscillators that control 24-h physiological and behavioral
processes. The central circadian clock exerts control over myriad aspects of mammalian …

The mammalian circadian clock has evolved as an adaptation to the 24-h light/darkness
cycle on earth. Maintaining cellular activities in synchrony with the activities of the organism …

Abstract Circadian (∼ 24-hour) timing systems pervade all kingdoms of life and temporally
optimize behavior and physiology in humans. Relatively recent changes to our …

Circadian (~ 24-hour) rhythms depend on intracellular transcription-translation negative
feedback loops (TTFLs). How these self-sustained cellular clocks achieve multicellular …

Adrenal glucocorticoids are major modulators of multiple functions, including energy
metabolism, stress responses, immunity, and cognition. The endogenous secretion of …

Circadian clocks coordinate physiology and behavior with the 24h solar day to provide
temporal homeostasis with the external environment. The molecular clocks that drive these …