Bioinks are formulations of biomaterials and living cells, sometimes with growth factors or
other biomolecules, while extrusion bioprinting is an emerging technique to apply or deposit …

Abstract The three-dimensional (3D) printing and its extension four-dimensional (4D)
printing technique show great promise for advanced additive manufacturing of functional …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printed hydrogel scaffolds enhanced with ceramics have
shown potential applications for cartilage regeneration, but leaving biological and …

3D printing, or additive manufacturing, has gained considerable interest due to its versatility
regarding design as well as in the large choice of materials. It is a powerful tool in the field of …

The loss of tissues and organs is a major challenge for biomedicine, and the emerging 3D
bioprinting technology has brought the dawn for the development of tissue engineering and …

Biomaterials are mostly any natural and synthetic materials which are compatible from a
biological point of view with the human body. Biomaterials are widely used to sustain …

Chitosan as a biobased polymer is gaining increasing attention due to its extraordinary
physico‐chemical characteristics and properties. While a primary use of chitosan has been …

Hydrogels are fascinating biomaterials that can act as a support for cells, ie, a scaffold, in
which they can organize themselves spatially in a similar way to what occurs in vivo …

Hydrogels represent a key element in the development of in vitro tumor models, by
mimicking the typical 3D tumor architecture in a physicochemical manner and allowing the …

Essential oils (EOs) are hydrophobic, concentrated extracts of botanical origin containing
diverse bioactive molecules that have been used for their biomedical properties. On the …