The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist (R, S)-ketamine causes rapid onset
and sustained antidepressant actions in treatment-resistant patients with major depressive …

The spleen, an important tissue for the immune system, acts as a filter for blood within the
immune system. Accumulating evidence suggests that the spleen affects a number of brain …

The tryptophan and kynurenine pathway is well-known to play an important role in nervous,
endocrine, and immune systems, as well as in the development of inflammatory diseases. It …

Cognitive impairment has been observed in patients with various psychiatric disorders,
including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BD) …

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disorder, which is histopathologically
characterized by multifocal inflammatory demyelinating lesions affecting both the central …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease that attacks the central
nervous system. Dietary intake of cuprizone (CPZ) produces demyelination resembling that …

MicroRNAs (or miRNAs) are short, regulatory RNAs that act as post-transcriptional
repressors of gene expression. Recently, we reported that the nuclear factor of activated T …

Neuroinflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder
(MDD), including treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Patients with TRD have higher …

Neurological disorders are the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of
death worldwide. The increasing social and economic burdens of neurological disorders are …

Chronic inflammatory pain (CIP) is a common public medical problem, often accompanied
by memory impairment. However, the mechanisms underlying CIP and comorbid memory …