Irrigation is considered the primary means of cleaning and disinfection of the root canal
system. The purpose of this review was to set the framework for the obstacles that irrigation …

The aim of this review was to present an overview of laboratory root canal biofilm model
systems described in the endodontic literature and to critically appraise the various factors …

Aim To investigate the impact of three irrigation protocols, activated by three different
methods, on mature biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. Methodology Root canals in …

Introduction This study set out to compare the efficacy of laser-activated and ultrasonically
activated root canal disinfection with conventional irrigation, specifically its ability to remove …

Irrigation of root canal system is of great significance to the success of endodontic treatment,
where sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most widely used irrigant in chemical preparation …

Aim To compare the removal of biofilm utilizing four irrigation techniques on a bovine root
canal model. Methodology Fifty dentine specimens (2× 2 mm) were infected with biofilm. The …

Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel Multisonic
Ultracleaning System (Sonendo Inc, Laguna Hills, CA) in tissue dissolution in comparison …

(1) Background: Adjunctive instruments, such as lasers have been investigated to address
the risk of failure of endodontic therapy due to the complexity of the root canal system …

Introduction The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of a root canal treatment with
and without additional ultrasonic activation of the irrigant. Methods Single-rooted teeth with …

Pedullà E, Genovese C, Campagna E, Tempera G, Rapisarda E. Decontamination efficacy
of photon‐initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) of irrigants using low‐energy laser …