Physics of runaway electrons in tokamaks

BN Breizman, P Aleynikov, EM Hollmann… - Nuclear …, 2019 - iopscience.iop.org
Of all electrons, runaway electrons have long been recognized in the fusion community as a
distinctive population. They now attract special attention as a part of ITER mission …

Runaway electron deconfinement in SPARC and DIII-D by a passive 3D coil

VA Izzo, I Pusztai, K Särkimäki, A Sundström… - Nuclear …, 2022 - iopscience.iop.org
The operation of a 3D coil—passively driven by the current quench (CQ) loop voltage—for
the deconfinement of runaway electrons (REs) is modeled for disruption scenarios in the …

First intrashot observation of runaway-electron-driven instabilities at the lower-hybrid frequency range under ITER-relevant plasma-wave dispersion conditions

W Bin, C Castaldo, F Napoli, P Buratti, A Cardinali… - Physical Review Letters, 2022 - APS
Kinetic instabilities driven by runaway electrons (REs) have recently received attention in the
fusion community as a means to control and diagnose REs in a tokamak. Experiments …

The role of kinetic instabilities in formation of the runaway electron current after argon injection in DIII-D

A Lvovskiy, C Paz-Soldan, NW Eidietis… - Plasma Physics and …, 2018 - iopscience.iop.org
Kinetic instabilities in the MHz range driven by runaway electrons (REs) have been
observed for the first time during the current quench (CQ) in disruptions triggered by massive …

First determination of whistler wave dispersion relation in superhot plasmas

WZ Zhang, HS Fu, JB Cao, Z Wang, WD Fu, YY Liu… - Physical Review …, 2024 - APS
A whistler wave is a fundamental electromagnetic radiation. In the universe, it transmits
information through diverse mediums at audio frequencies. To know the properties of such a …

Observation of rapid frequency chirping instabilities driven by runaway electrons in a tokamak

A Lvovskiy, WW Heidbrink, C Paz-Soldan… - Nuclear …, 2019 - iopscience.iop.org
We report the first observation of chirping instabilities driven by runaway electrons (REs) in a
tokamak. The instabilities are accessed during the post-disruption RE beam stage in a low …

MARS-F modeling of post-disruption runaway beam loss by magnetohydrodynamic instabilities in DIII-D

YQ Liu, PB Parks, C Paz-Soldan, C Kim, LL Lao - Nuclear Fusion, 2019 - iopscience.iop.org
A drift orbit model for relativistic test electrons has been incorporated into the MARS-F code
(Liu et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 3681), in order to study the runaway electron (RE) behavior …

Self-Consistent Simulation of the Excitation of Compressional Alfvén Eigenmodes and Runaway Electron Diffusion in Tokamak Disruptions

C Liu, A Lvovskiy, C Paz-Soldan, SC Jardin… - Physical review …, 2023 - APS
Alfvénic modes in the current quench (CQ) stage of the tokamak disruption have been
observed in experiments. In DIII-D the excitation of these modes is associated with the …

Runaway electron beam dynamics at low plasma density in DIII-D: energy distribution, current profile, and internal instability

A Lvovskiy, C Paz-Soldan, NW Eidietis… - Nuclear …, 2020 - iopscience.iop.org
Parameters of the post-disruption runaway electron (RE) beam in the low density
background plasma achieved after secondary deuterium injection are investigated in DIII-D …

Magnetic surface loss and electron runaway

AH Boozer - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 2019 - iopscience.iop.org
The exponentiation of a small seed of energetic electrons into a strong current of relativistic
electrons during disruptions is a major threat to the ITER mission; the adequacy of the plan …