Bone marrow is a viscous tissue that resides in the confines of bones and houses the vitally
important pluripotent stem cells. Due to its confinement by bones, the marrow has a unique …

Fluid flow that arises from the functional loading of bone tissue has been proposed to be a
critical regulator of skeletal mass and morphology. To test this hypothesis, the bone adaptive …

Background Physical loading is necessary to maintain bone tissue integrity. Loading-
induced fluid shear is recognised as one of the most potent bone micromechanical cues and …

Skeletal adaptation to mechanical loading is controlled by mechanobiological signaling.
Osteocytes are highly responsive to applied strains, and are the key mechanosensory cells …

Spinal rotation, though being a very common motion of the body, is poorly understood.
Furthermore, this motion and the extent of its development is unique to the human. Beyond …

We measured intraosseous pressures in twenty human hips from cadavera during
progressive serial applications of load using a materials-testing machine. Pressure rose in …

Study Design. In a laboratory study, 21 human lumbar spine segments were used to
determine whether intraosseous pressure increases occur during axial-compressive loading …

Intact fresh sheep tibiae were subjected to non-destructive impact loads while maintained in
an environment like that encountered in life. Under a maximum load of 2.5 kN, and loading …

Stress fractures have been proposed to arise from repetitive activity of training inducing an
accumulation of microfractures in locations of peak strain. However, stress fractures most …

Hydraulic strengthening, viscous interaction between marrow and trabecular bone, and
viscous resistance by the marrow to shear, appear not to occur in long bones when …