Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) refers to a medical condition that affects the eye; it occurs due to
diabetes, and, if not detected early on, results in a reduction of visual capacity and may even …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a diabetes complication that can cause vision loss among
patients due to damage to blood vessels in the retina. Early retinal screening can avoid the …

In computer vision, multi-label classification (MLC) is especially important for medical picture
analysis. We use MLC to classify diverse stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using colour …

Recent advances in large foundation models, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM),
have demonstrated considerable promise across various tasks. Despite their progress …

Early-stage diabetic retinopathy (DR) presents challenges in clinical diagnosis due to
inconspicuous and minute microaneurysms (MAs), resulting in limited research in this area …

Microaneurysms (MAs) are small, circular, red lesions typically observed in the initial stage
of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). DR is a degenerative eye condition resulting from diabetes …

Deep Learning (DL) has proliferated interest in ocular disease detection in recent years, and
several DL architectures were proposed. DL architectures deploy multiple layers to capture …

Diabetic retinopathy is considered one of the most common diseases that can lead to
blindness in the working age, and the chance of developing it increases as long as a person …

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the human
eyes, causing lesions on the retina as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. Early …

Deep learning models have demonstrated significant effectiveness in addressing intricate
object segmentation and image classification tasks. Nevertheless, their widespread use is …