Therapeutics against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are urgently needed.
Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a myelopoietic growth factor …

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common vasculitis among elderly people. The clinical
spectrum of the disease is heterogeneous, with a classic/cranial phenotype, and another …

Objectives Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is implicated in
pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis. We evaluated the efficacy of the GM-CSF receptor …

Objective To determine the presence and spatial distribution of different macrophage
phenotypes, governed by granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) and …

Background Effective and safe therapies are needed for the treatment of patients with giant
cell arteritis (GCA). Emerging as a key cytokine in inflammation, granulocyte-macrophage …

Giant cell arteritis is a medical emergency because of the high risk of irreversible blindness
and cerebrovascular accidents. While elevated inflammatory markers, temporal artery …

Despite the heterogeneity of the giant cell arteritis (GCA) at the level of clinical
manifestations and the cellular and molecular players involved in its pathogenesis, GCA is …

For decades, the treatment of GCA has relied on glucocorticoids. Work over the past two
decades has supported a modest efficacy of MTX but no clear benefit from anti-TNF-based …

Abstract Purpose While glucocorticoids (GCs) are effective in large vessel vasculitis (LVV),
they may cause serious adverse events (AEs), especially if taken for longer durations and at …

ABSTRACT Introduction Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) is the most common systemic vasculitis
worldwide. For decades, glucocorticoids have represented the mainstay of treatment, at the …