The molecular features that define clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) initiation and
progression are being increasingly defined. The TRACERx Renal studies and others that …

Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma are
related tumors that differ mainly in location; pheochromocytomas are adrenal, and …

Currently, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most prevalent type of kidney cancer. Targeted
therapy has replaced radiation therapy and chemotherapy as the main treatment option for …

Metastatic disease is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and involves critical
interactions between tumor cells and the microenvironment. Hypoxia is a potent …

When in a patient more than one tumour in the same or a different organ is diagnosed,
multiple primary tumours may be present. For epidemiological studies, different definitions of …

Abstract On August 13, 2021, the FDA approved belzutifan (WELIREG, Merck), a first-in-
class hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitor for adult patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) …

A classic physiologic response to systemic hypoxia is the increase in red blood cell
production. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) orchestrate this response by inducing cell-type …

Neuroendocrine neoplasms constitute a diverse group of tumors that derive from the
sensory and secretory neuroendocrine cells and predominantly arise within the pulmonary …

Abstract Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL) is a familial neoplastic condition seen in
approximately 1 in 36,000 live births. It is caused by germline mutations of the tumor …

Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are heterogeneous
regarding site of origin, biological behavior, and malignant potential. There has been a rapid …