Highlights•To date, metabolites from more than 10 different metabolic classes have been
identified as lignin building blocks, totaling 35 monomers.•Despite this flexibility, limitations …

Searching for renewable alternatives for fossil carbon resources to produce chemicals, fuels
and materials is essential for the development of a sustainable society. Lignin, a major …

The valorisation of the plant biopolymer lignin is now recognised as essential to enabling
the economic viability of the lignocellulosic biorefining industry. In this context, the “lignin …

Lignin is conventionally defined as being formed by the oxidative polymerization of three
main monolignols, p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol, that are …

The structure of the lignin in wheat straw has been investigated by a combination of
analytical pyrolysis, 2D-NMR, and derivatization followed by reductive cleavage (DFRC). It is …

As the attraction of creating biofuels and bio-based chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass
has increased, researchers have been challenged with developing a better understanding …

Reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) has emerged as an effective biomass pretreatment
strategy to depolymerize lignin into tractable fragments in high yields. We investigate the …

The lignin biosynthetic pathway has been studied for more than a century but has
undergone major revisions over the past decade. Significant progress has been made in …

The chemical complexity of lignin remains a major challenge for lignin valorization into
commodity and fine chemicals. A knowledge of the lignin features that favor its valorization …

Two major residues are produced by the sugarcane industry, the fibrous fraction following
juice extraction (bagasse), and the harvest residue (straw). The structures of the lignins from …