Debates over the function (s) of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) have persisted for
decades. So too have demonstrations of the region's association with cognitive control …

Research on predictive processing models has focused largely on two specific algorithmic
theories: Predictive Coding for perception and Active Inference for decision-making. While …

Mice and rats are widely used to explore mechanisms of mammalian social behavior in
health and disease, raising the question whether they actually differ in their social behavior …

Flexible initiation or suppression of actions to avoid aversive events is crucial for survival.
The prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) regions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have …

Avoidance behavior in clinical anxiety disorders is often a decision made in response to
approach-avoidance conflict, resulting in a sacrifice of potential rewards to avoid potential …

Patients with anxiety disorders often experience a relapse in symptoms after exposure
therapy. Similarly, threat responses acquired during Pavlovian threat conditioning often …

The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is consistently implicated in the cognitive and
emotional symptoms of many psychiatric disorders, but the causal mechanisms of its …

Behavioural anxiety tests in non-human animals are used for anxiolytic drug discovery, and
to investigate the neurobiology of threat avoidance. Over the past decade, several of them …

Background Imbalances in approach-avoidance conflict (AAC) decision-making (eg,
sacrificing rewards to avoid negative outcomes) are considered central to multiple …

Avoidance is generally adaptive, yet excessive rates of avoidance can become maladaptive
and lead to functional impairment and psychopathology. Laboratory-based treatment …