Figure 1 documents the trends in 4th-and 8th-grade test scores in math and reading over
time. The dashed vertical line denotes the year NCLB was adopted. Although both 4th-and …

The Crosscultural, Language, and Academic Development Handbook Page 1 1itial I Chapter '
2 ' Chapter 1 3 ~ Chapter - 9 , > ,, Chapter - 5 ~ : Chapter s 5 ' : Chapters ;, 4,5 ~ Chapter - 7 f …

Children's play throughout history has been free, spontaneous, and intertwined with work,
set in the playgrounds of the fields, streams, and barnyards. Children in cities enjoyed …

Distinguished historian and policy analyst Maris Vinovskis examines federal K–12 education
policies, beginning with the publication of A Nation at Risk and focusing on the National …

Although becoming widespread, especially in view of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and
without a universally-accepted definition, most discussions of standards-based reforms …

This chapter analyzes the design of incentive schemes in education while reviewing
empirical studies that evaluate performance pay programs for educators. Several themes …

What happens when federal officials try to accomplish goals that depend on the resources
and efforts of state and local governments? Focusing on the nation's experience with the No …

How is it that, half a century after Brown v. Board of Education, educational opportunities
remain so unequal for black and white students, not to mention poor and wealthy ones? In …

We propose an incentive scheme for educators that links compensation to the ranks of their
students within comparison sets. Under certain conditions, this scheme induces teachers to …

Today, with states' near-universal adoption of the Common Core State Standards, the
political system has achieved that which was not possible less than 2 decades ago. Just why …