The general concept of sustainable development has been specified in terms of goals,
targets, and indicators by the UN Sustainable Development Goals, adopted in 2015 …

Small farms dominate the European agricultural landscape, but they are much less
represented in agricultural decision-making structures than larger farms. The weak political …

The Montado is a silvopastoral system with a tree cover of predominantly Quercus suber but
also Quercus rotundifolia, where cattle or sheep graze the understory. It occupies more than …

Agroforestry landscapes in the Mediterranean Basin have emerged in a co-evolution
between humans and nature and provide numerous ecosystem services to society. Tree …

Although forest areas have been growing in Europe, some forest types have been declining
regionally. Since the 1980 s, there have been reports of defoliation and mortality in …

Agricultural intensification and abandonment of traditional uses have led to the degradation
of Mediterranean oak landscapes, most apparent in a severe lack of tree regeneration. In the …

Abstract Context The management of Portuguese agroforestry landscapes is currently
focused on specialised cork and cattle production. Sustainable landscape management is …

Traditional farming landscapes in South and Central Portugal, known as montados, are
affected by global socio-economic and biophysical pressures, putting the sustainability of …

Knowledge co-production has emerged as an important conceptual and processual tool in
sustainability research addressing the needs of equity and inclusion. Indigenous …

As the negative effects of conventional agricultural practices on ecosystems intensify,
discourse is turning to more sustainable production systems. Silvopasture, an …