After spinal cord injury, macrophages can exert either beneficial or detrimental effects
depending on their phenotype. Aside from their critical role in inflammatory responses …

Central nervous system (CNS) injuries do not heal properly in contrast to normal tissue
repair, in which functional recovery typically occurs. The reason for this dichotomy in wound …

After spinal cord injury (SCI), local inflammatory response and fibrous scar formation
severely hinder nerve regeneration. Berberine (Ber) has a powerful regulatory effect on the …

Dysfunctional clinical outcomes following spinal cord injury (SCI) result from glial scar
formation, leading to the inhibition of new axon growth and impaired regeneration …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a critical medical condition during which sensorimotor function is
lost. Current treatments are still unable to effectively improve these conditions, so it is …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition usually induced by the initial mechanical
insult that can lead to permanent motor and sensory deficits. At present, researchers are …

After spinal cord injury, there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells, which exacerbates
the injury and leads to further neural degeneration. Therefore, a major aim of current …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can initiate a very complex disease of the central nervous
system (CNS), starting with the primary pathology of the inciting trauma and subsequent …

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious and disabling condition, and the
effectiveness of conventional treatment is limited, such as supportive treatment and …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an injurious process that begins with immediate physical damage
to the spinal cord and associated tissues during an acute traumatic event. However, the …