… Together, the results of this study show that immune cell–derived opioids are essential
for the control of neuropathic pain. Clearly, the importance of the CRF-opioid system for …

… In the periphery, endogenous mechanisms counteracting pain and inflammation arise
from interaction between leukocyte-derived opioid peptides and opioid receptors on the …

… ’s antinociceptive effects in neuropathic pain involve the upregulation of antinociceptive IL-10
expression in the rat spinal cord [26], which is consistent with our findings obtained with …

… that counteract opioid constipation, … opioid analgesics) are used together with opioid
administration to alleviate such side effects while maintaining the analgesic potency of the opioids, …

… Moreover, we investigated the possible opioid mechanisms for curcumin analgesia,
inasmuch as opioid systems (receptors) have been reported to be implicated in the mechanisms …

… Using the cuff model of neuropathic pain in mice, we show … μ-opioid receptor, in δ-opioid
receptor and in κ-opioid receptor … agreement with other results obtained with systemic delivery …

… However, because the results obtained in sham-operated and naive mice were very similar,
… In accordance, a significant reduction in the antinociceptive effects of opioids was observed …

… Male CD-1 (aka ICR) mice from 4 to 8 weeks of age were obtained from Charles River
Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). This mouse strain is very commonly used in opioid pharmacology …

… Local leukocyte-derived opioid peptides or exogenous opioid agonists inhibit neuropathy-induced
mechanical hypersensitivity in animal models. Since neuropathic pain can also be …

Background: The local administration of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists attenuates
neuropathic pain but the precise mechanism implicated in this effect is not completely elucidated. …