Background Stress is a prevailing risk factor for mood-related illnesses, wherein women
represent the majority of those affected by major depression. Despite the growing literature …

Numerous studies have employed repeated social defeat stress (RSDS) to study the
neurobiological mechanisms of depression in rodents. An important limitation of RSDS …

Background Despite the twofold higher prevalence of major depressive and posttraumatic
stress disorders in women compared with men, most clinical and preclinical studies have …

Stress-related mood disorders are more prevalent in females than males, yet preclinical
chronic stress paradigms were developed in male rodents and are less effective in female …

BACKGROUND: It is well known that exposure to severe stress increases the risk for
developing mood disorders. However, most chronic stress models in rodents involve at least …

Background Animal models capable of differentiating the neurobiological intricacies
between physical and emotional stress are scarce. Current models rely primarily on physical …

Exposure to stress is highly correlated with the emergence of mood-related illnesses.
Because major depressive disorder often emerges in adolescence, we assessed the effects …

The chronic social defeat stress model has been instrumental in shaping our understanding
of neurobiology relevant to affect-related illnesses, including major depressive disorder …

Over the years, it has become increasingly clear that males and females respond differently
towards environmental stressors, highlighting the importance of including both sexes when …

Historically, preclinical stress studies have often omitted female subjects, despite evidence
that women have higher rates of anxiety and depression. In rodents, many stress …