Histocompatibility—the ability of an organism to distinguish its own cells and tissue from
those of another—is a universal phenomenon in the Metazoa. In vertebrates …

When and how adaptive immunity emerged is one of the fundamental questions in
immunology. Accumulated evidence suggests that the key components of adaptive …

Allorecognition has been well-studied in the context of vertebrate adaptive immunity and
recognition of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), which is the central event of …

Histocompatibility is the basis by which multicellular organisms of the same species
distinguish self from nonself. Relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying …

Innate immunity is mediated by a variety of different, nonrearranging receptors and soluble
molecules that recognize and facilitate the elimination of a wide range of pathogens [1] …

In botryllids (colonial ascidians), there are two types of allorecognition: colony specificity and
colony resorption. Colony specificity is manifested by fusion and rejection between two …

Egg-laying mammals (monotremes) are the only extant mammalian outgroup to therians
(marsupial and eutherian animals) and provide key insights into mammalian evolution 1, 2 …

Colonial tunicates are complex marine invertebrates (in fact protochordates) that undergo a
variety of histocompatibility reactions in their intraspecific competition for feeding surfaces …

We have developed defined genetic lines of the hydroid Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus and
confirmed earlier results showing that allorecognition is controlled by a single chromosomal …

Colonial marine invertebrates, such as sponges, corals, bryozoans, and ascidians, often live
in densely populated communities where they encounter other members of their species as …