Macrophages are heterogeneous and their phenotype and functions are regulated by the
surrounding micro‐environment. Macrophages commonly exist in two distinct subsets: 1) …

Diversity and plasticity are two hallmarks of macrophages. M1 macrophages (classically
activated macrophages) are pro-inflammatory and have a central role in host defense …

The tissue microenvironment regulates differentiation of precursor monocytes into
macrophages. In response to the presence of microbial products, stimulated lymphocytes, or …

Macrophages are terminally differentiated cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system that
also encompasses dendritic cells, circulating blood monocytes, and committed myeloid …

Macrophages are key cellular components of the innate immunity, acting as the main player
in the first‐line defence against the pathogens and modulating homeostatic and …

As an essential component of innate immunity, macrophages have multiple functions in both
inhibiting or promoting cell proliferation and tissue repair. Diversity and plasticity are …

Monocytes/macrophages are heterogeneous and versatile cells that could undergo their
phenotypically/functionally dynamic switch in response to the microenvironment signals …

Macrophage polarization refers to how macrophages have been activated at a given point in
space and time. Polarization is not fixed, as macrophages are sufficiently plastic to integrate …

Background: Macrophages (Mφs) participate in wound healing by coordinating inflammatory
and angiogenic processes. Mφs respond to environmental cues by adopting either …

Macrophages are cells of the innate immunity constituting the mononuclear phagocyte
system and endowed with remarkable different roles essential for defense mechanisms …