A major constraint on the evolution of large body sizes in animals is an increased risk of
developing cancer. There is no correlation, however, between body size and cancer risk …

Large-bodied organisms have more cells that can potentially turn cancerous than small-
bodied organisms, imposing an increased risk of developing cancer. This expectation …

Importance Evolutionary medicine may provide insights into human physiology and
pathophysiology, including tumor biology. Objective To identify mechanisms for cancer …

Whales have 1000-fold more cells than humans and mice have 1000-fold fewer; however,
cancer risk across species does not increase with the number of somatic cells and the …

The risk of developing cancer is correlated with body size and lifespan within species.
Between species, however, there is no correlation between cancer and either body size or …

Disease susceptibility and resistance are important factors for the conservation of
endangered species, including elephants. We analyzed pathology data from 26 zoos and …

Cancer is a ubiquitous disease of metazoans, predicted to disproportionately affect larger,
long-lived organisms owing to their greater number of cell divisions, and thus increased …

p53 plays a critical role in tumor suppression. As a transcription factor, in response to stress
signals, p53 regulates its target genes and initiates stress responses, including cell cycle …

p53 is a well-known tumor suppressor and is also involved in processes of organismal aging
and developmental control. A recent exciting development in the p53 field is the discovery of …

Cancer is a disease of multicellular animals caused by unregulated cell division. The
prevailing model of cancer (multistage carcinogenesis) is based on the view that cancer …