▪ Abstract The interaction of light within tissue has been used to recognize disease since the
mid-1800s. The recent developments of small light sources, detectors, and fiber optic probes …

When light is incident to a biological tissue surface, combinations of optical processes occur,
such as reflection, absorption, elastic and non-elastic scattering, and fluorescence. Analysis …

Diagnostic techniques based on optical spectroscopy have the potential to link the
biochemical and morphological properties of tissues to individual patient care. In particular …

Optical spectroscopy (OS) is a tissue-sensing technique that could enhance cancer
diagnosis and treatment in the near future. With OS, tissue is illuminated with a selected light …

Optical spectroscopy has been extensively studied as a potential in vivo diagnostic tool that
can provide information about both the chemical and morphologic structure of tissue in near …

Light interacts with tissue in a number of ways including, elastic and inelastic scattering,
reflection and absorption, leading to fluorescence and phosphorescence. These interactions …

Various types of optical spectroscopy have been investigated as methods to effect a
noninvasive, real-time in-situ assessment of tissue pathology. All of these methods have one …

Fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy provide the ability to assess tissue structure and
metabolism in vivo in real time, providing improved diagnosis of pre-cancerous lesions …

This paper reviews the recent developments in the field of biomedical optical imaging,
emphasizing technologies that have been moved from'bench top to bedside'. Important new …

We review the application of fluorescence spectroscopy and elastic-scattering spectroscopy,
over the ultraviolet-to-visible wavelength range, to minimally invasive medical diagnostics …