Most flowering plants rely on animal pollinators to transfer male gametes between
individuals, and thus a significant problem for gender dimorphic plants is that pollinators …

A major transition in flowering plants has been the evolution of separate sexes (dioecy) from
combined sexes (hermaphroditism). This transition is often, but not always, accompanied by …

Pollinator selectivity is thought to influence the evolution of separate sexes in plants
because of its potential to limit plant reproductive success. Selective visitation could also …

Background Sexual selection theory predicts that males are limited in their reproductive
success by access to mates, whereas females are more limited by resources. In animal …

Catasetum is a neotropical orchid genus that comprises about 160 dioecious species with a
remarkable sexual dimorphism in floral morphology. Flowers of Catasetum produce …

Zoophilous flowers often transmit olfactory signals to attract pollinators. In plants with
unisexual flowers, such signals are usually similar between the sexes because attraction of …

The evolution of flowering plants has undoubtedly been influenced by a pollinator's ability to
learn to associate floral signals with food. Here, we address the question of 'why'flowers …

Insects use floral signals to find rewards in flowers, transferring pollen in the process. In
unisexual plants, the general view is that staminate (male) and pistillate (female) flowers …

Animal-assisted sexual reproduction in flowering plants-pollination-is a phenomenon in
which volatile signal production and chemical communication play important and diverse …

Floral scents attract pollinators to plant rewards; in nectarless flowers, pollen grains are the
only reward. Thus, pollen not only fertilizes ovules, but also feeds pollinators. This dilemma …