Objective: This approach provides the basis of our research program, which aims to expand
operative assessment beyond patient factors and the technical skills of the surgeon; to …

There have been remarkable reductions in patient morbidity and mortality after surgical
procedures over the preceding decades; however, adverse events still occur even among …

Article-at-a-Glance Background The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical
Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), in operation since late 2004, evaluates surgical …

BACKGROUND: To better understand the operating room as a system and to identify system
features that influence patient safety, we performed an analysis of operating room patient …

Workplace safety standards for the operating room have existed for decades. These
standards have traditionally focused on equipment, fire prevention and environmental …

Conclusion The documented and “accepted” incident rates in surgery are unacceptably
high. Incident rates of 1–5% are generally accepted as a normal part of practice. Current …

Objective To provide a review of human factors research within the context of surgery. Data
Sources We searched PubMed for relevant studies published from the earliest available …

Background Surgical technology has led to significant improvements in patient outcomes.
However, failures in equipment and technology are implicated in surgical errors and …

Over the past 50 years, significant improvements in cardiac surgical care have been
achieved. Nevertheless, surgical errors that significantly impact patient safety continue to …

Objective: To identify the core principles that guide expert intraoperative behaviors and to
use these principles to develop a universal framework that defines intraoperative …