Summary 1 Contests may involve injurious fighting, other types of direct physical aggression
and communication. They occur over ownership access to mates and other resources that …

Empirical evidence suggests that aggressiveness (willingness to enter into, or escalate an
aggressive interaction) may be more important than the ability to win fights in some species …

Experience in aggressive contests often affects behaviour during, and the outcome of, later
contests. This review discusses evidence for, variations in, and consequences of such …

This paper contains a game theoretical analysis of animal contest situations which are
asymmetric in more than one aspect: two opponents may for example be imagined which …

The “badges of status” hypothesis suggests that frequency-dependent selection can
maintain honest signalling of aggressiveness. Analysis of a simple ESS model reveals that …

We examined the effect of prior winning and losing experiences on the initiating and
responding strategies of contestants in contests between individuals of Rivulus marmoratus …

Thirteen pairs of neighbouring Calopteryx maculata (Odonata: Calopterygidae) males were
manipulated such that members of each pair became residents in the same territory, thereby …

Animals commonly compete for resources by direct aggression: for example, spiders fight for
web sites, male red deer fight for females, and scorpionflies fight for prey. The application of …

Many game‐theoretical models assume that the outcome of agonistic interactions depends
on morphological and physiological asymmetries between rivals (the RHP‐asymmetry …

How far can game theory account for the evolution of contest behaviour in animals? The first
qualitative prediction of the theory was that symmetric contests in which escalation is …