Citrate is a critical metabolite required to support both mitochondrial bioenergetics and
cytosolic macromolecular synthesis. When cells proliferate under normoxic conditions …

Mammalian cells generate citrate by decarboxylating pyruvate in the mitochondria to supply
the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. In contrast, hypoxia and other impairments of …

Acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) is the central biosynthetic precursor for fatty-acid synthesis and
protein acetylation. In the conventional view of mammalian cell metabolism, AcCoA is …

Activation of glycolytic genes by HIF-1 is considered critical for metabolic adaptation to
hypoxia through increased conversion of glucose to pyruvate and subsequently to lactate …

Recent reports have identified a phenomenon by which hypoxia shifts glutamine metabolism
from oxidation to reductive carboxylation. We now identify the mechanism by which HIF-1 …

Hypoxic cells induce glycolytic enzymes; this HIF-1-mediated metabolic adaptation
increases glucose flux to pyruvate and produces glycolytic ATP. Two papers in this issue of …

Gain-of-function mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) occur in multiple types of
human cancer. Here, we show that these mutations significantly disrupt NADPH …

2-Hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) is an important epigenetic regulator, with potential roles in cancer
and stem cell biology. The d-(R)-enantiomer (d-2-HG) is an oncometabolite generated from …

Cells receive growth and survival stimuli through their attachment to an extracellular matrix
(ECM). Overcoming the addiction to ECM-induced signals is required for anchorage …

Abstract The metabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) can be produced as either a dR-or lS-
enantiomer, each of which inhibits α-ketoglutarate (αKG)-dependent enzymes involved in …