Although the primary physiological effects produced by scorpion toxins are already well
known, most of the secondary molecular events following scorpion neurotoxins–ion channel …

Neuronal excitability controls the expression of a variety of genes and proteins and therefore
regulates neurite outgrowth and synapse formation, fundamental physiological processes …

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are responsible for the action potential generation
in excitable cells including neurons and involved in many physiological and pathological …

Cn12 isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius has 67 amino‐acid
residues, closely packed with four disulfide bridges. Its primary structure and disulfide …

In recent years, the field of toxinology has expanded substantially. On the one hand it
studies venomous animals, plants and micro organisms in detail to understand their mode of …

A recent study described the pharmacological properties of BmK I, an α-like toxin from the
Chinese scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch, on the cardiac sodium channel (hH1) expressed …

All scorpion toxins from different 30 species are simply reviewed. A new classification
system of scorpion toxins is first proposed: scorpion toxins are classified into three families …

α-Neurotoxins from scorpion venoms constitute the most studied group of modifiers of the
voltage-sensitive sodium channels, and yet, their toxic site has not been characterized. We …

The consequences of scorpion stings on the affected victims, including humans, have been
known since ancient times. The effects of the venom, first on neurotransmission and …

A novel crustacean-specific toxin, Cn5, containing 66 amino acid residues was isolated from
the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann. It is stabilized by four disulfide …