Using experience-sampling methodology, we examined within-individual relationships
among emotional labor, negative and positive affective states, and work withdrawal, as well …

The present study investigates the relationship between the emotional labor strategies
surface acting and deep acting and organizational outcomes, specifically, employees' …

We introduce the concept of emotional labor variability, which captures individual
differences in surface acting and deep acting fluctuations over time. In a multilevel study of …

Abstract Models of emotional labor suggest that emotional labor leads to strain and affects
job performance. Although the link between emotional labor, strain, and performance has …

This diary study examines the psychological processes that contribute to daily recovery from
emotional labor by combining emotion regulation with work‐home resources theories. We …

In response to 2 areas for development in the emotional labor literature—(a) the
contemporaneous associations between emotional labor and affective reactions, and (b) …

Research on emotional labor focuses on how employees utilize 2 main regulation strategies—
surface acting (ie, faking one's felt emotions) and deep acting (ie, attempting to feel required …

To date, the majority of research on emotional labor has focused on outcomes that occur in
the workplace. However, research has yet to consider the possibility that the daily effects of …

Although early research suggested that the performance of emotional labor had deleterious
effects on workers, recent empirical investigations have been equivocal. The performance of …

Abstract focus [on] whether emotional labor is a potential source of employee job
stress/developed a measure of emotional labor in a sample of workers employed in an …