PExA mass can distinguish asthmatics from healthy individuals. Subjects with complete, but
not clinical, asthma remission exhale more PExA mass compared to asthma. Higher PExA …

Rationale: Asthma is often characterised by inflammation, damage and dysfunction of the
small airways, but no standardised biomarkers are available. Objectives: Using a novel …

Exhaled breath contains suspended particles of respiratory tract lining fluid from the small
airways. The particles are formed when closed airways open during inhalation. We have …

Background: Particles in exhaled air (PEx) provide samples of respiratory tract lining fluid
from small airways and offer a new opportunity to monitor pathological changes. The …

Background: Airway irritants such as allergens, tobacco smoke and viruses may cause
damage in the small airways, usually undetected with routine diagnostic methods. Analyses …

Introduction Respiratory tract lining fluid of small airways mainly consists of surfactant that
can be investigated by collection of the particles of exhaled aerosol (PExA) method. This …

Access to distal airway samples to assess respiratory diseases is not straightforward and
requires invasive procedures such as bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage. The …

Introduction Particles in exhaled air (PEx) provide samples of respiratory tract lining fluid
from small airways containing, for example, Surfactant protein A (SP-A) and albumin …

Background There is a lack of early and precise biomarkers for personalized respiratory
medicine. Breath contains an aerosol of droplet particles, which are formed from the …

Endogenous particles in exhaled air (PEx) are formed during airway reopening following
airway closure. Analysis of PEx may be used for monitoring biochemical alterations in …