Behavioral scientists have employed operant runways as a means of investigating the
motivational impact of incentive stimuli for the better part of the past 100 years. In this task …

Cocaine self-administration provides a methodology allowing researchers to study changes
in distinct aspects of drug-taking behavior that model behaviors observed in drug addicts …

Self-administration of addictive drugs in laboratory animals has been widely used for
decades as a tool for studying behavioral, neurobiological, and genetic factors in addiction …

The human drug self‐administration paradigm is an extension of the animal model
developed in the 1960s. The paradigm can be used to investigate the determinants and …

Although the examination of patterns of drug self-administration in human subjects is a
relatively recent development, the value of this approach for the study of substance abuse …

The purpose of the present study was to examine whether a history of responding under
schedules that generate either high or low response rates could modify previously …

The behavioral effects of drugs were once viewed as being limited to the changes in
responding that occurred directly following drug administration. Drug effects were believed …

As the title implies, the purpose of this chapter is to consider cocaine self-administration from
the point of view of two categories of independent variables that are determinants of the …

In order to study drug self-administration by laboratory animals, an experimenter must set up
a situation in which subjects are exposed to some contingency between the occurrence of a …

The “recreational” use of drugs in North America is common. The majority of the adult
population ingests alcohol occasionally, and caffeine daily. One in three adults uses nicotine …