Orofacial clefts, including cleft lip and palate (CL/P) and neural tube defects (NTDs) are
among the most common congenital anomalies, but knowledge of the genetic basis of these …

Cleft palate (CP) is a common birth defect occurring in 1 in 2,500 live births. Approximately
half of infants with CP have a syndromic form, exhibiting other physical and cognitive …

Neural tube defects, including spina bifida, are among the most common birth defects
caused by failure of neural tube closure during development. They have a complex etiology …

The genetic basis of human neural tube defects (NTDs), such as anencephaly and spina
bifida (SB), is complex and heterogeneous. Grainyhead-like genes represent candidates for …

In contrast to the progress that has been made toward understanding the genetic etiology of
cleft lip with or without cleft palate, relatively little is known about the genetic etiology for cleft …

Grainyhead-like 2, encoded by GRHL2, is a member of a highly conserved family of
transcription factors that play essential roles during epithelial development …

Nonsyndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate (nsCL/P) and nonsyndromic cleft palate only
(nsCPO) are the most frequent subphenotypes of orofacial clefts. A common syndromic form …

Cranial neural tube defects (NTDs) occur in mice carrying mutant alleles of many different
genes, whereas isolated spinal NTDs (spina bifida) occur in fewer models, despite being …

The highly-conserved Grainyhead-like (Grhl) transcription factors are critical regulators of
embryogenesis that regulate cellular survival, proliferation, migration and epithelial integrity …

Background Grainyhead-like-3 (GRHL3) was recently identified as the second gene that,
when mutated, can lead s to Van der Woude syndrome, which is characterized by orofacial …