At present, the worldwide captive elephant population is not self‐sustaining. The major
reason for low reproductive rates is the heretofore undiagnosed reproductive disorders of …

The success rate of captive elephant breeding programs worldwide is poor. Along with
undiagnosed reproductive disorders in females and fatal diseases such as the newly …

Transrectal ultrasonography was performed on five wild and two captive male African
elephants (Loxodonta africana) and four captive male Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) …

The endocrinology of the elephant estrous cycle has been well characterized, but little
emphasis has been placed on evaluating corresponding changes in the reproductive tract …

Transrectal ultrasonography was performed on 10 male and 85 female African elephants
(Loxodonta Africana) and on 5 male and 39 female Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in …

Nearly two decades ago, modern wildlife medicine started to gradually use the advantages
of the non-invasive ultrasonography, which was already well established in human and …

The reproductive rate of captive African elephants is low because of logistical difficulties
associated with transporting animals for breeding, the danger of maintaining bulls and …

Elephants possess many unique qualities, including some that relate directly to their
reproductive biology. Thus, comparative studies on elephants provide valuable information …

The ability to serially collect blood samples and conduct ultrasound examinations in Asian
and African elephants has provided unique opportunities to study the biology of these …

Complete reproductive tracts of 30 female African elephants (5–53 years), obtained during a
population reduction procedure, were examined. The reproductive tracts were palpated in …