… of PD-L1 compromised the self-renewal capability of breast … for PD-L1 in sustaining
stemness of breast cancer cells and … pathways that would be targeted upon anti-PD-L1 therapy. …

… PD-L1 promoted continued expression of stemness biomarkers Nanog and OCT-4A by PI3K/AKT
pathway… Our work confirmed this inhibitory role of propofol in maintaining breast cancer …

… notch pathway activation is known to promote the expression … role in maintaining the stemness
of these cells (Supplementary … PI3K/AKT pathways regulate PD-L1 on CSCs, MAPK/ERK …

… that stabilizes AXIN and enhances β-catenin destruction [22]. … , who revealed that PD-L1 is
able to sustain stemness in BC [… that the activation of WNT signaling pathway induced PD-L1 …

… reported that PD-L1 sustains PI3K/AKT pathway activation [56… study, decreased protein
expression of Oct-3 and Oct-4 was … reported that activation of the PD1/PDL1 axis promoted T …

… functions and is critical for maintaining the homeostasis of … and can promote its nuclear
translocation in breast cancer cells [25]. … activating the PI3K-Akt and MEK-ERK pathways in CRC. …

… that PD-L1 expression was increased in breast cancer tissues and … PD-L1 promotes OCT4
and Nanog expression in breast cancer stem cells by sustaining PI3K/AKT pathway activation. …

… and breast cancer, and it upregulates PD-L1 protein expression in ERα-… PD-L1 promotes
OCT4 and Nanog expression in breast CSCs through the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway …

… to sustain Hh signaling in TNBC promoting stemness [71] . … PI3K/AKT activation to breast
cancer stemness [115,116] . … for PD-L1, partially contributing to high PD-L1 expression in CSCs […

… PD-L1 is highly expressed in breast cancer stem cells, where the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
is activated to promote … ECSCs, we found that PD-L1 promoted a sustained stem-like state. …