Resilience underpins the sustainability of both ecological and social systems. Extensive loss
of reef corals following recent mass bleaching events have challenged the notion that …

Concern is growing about the potential effects of interacting multiple stressors, especially as
the global climate changes. We provide a comprehensive review of multiple stressor …

The Paris agreement target of limiting global surface warming to 1.5-2° C compared to pre-
industrial levels by 2100 will heavily impact the ocean. While ambitious mitigation and …

A century ago, only 15% of Earth's surface was used to grow crops and raise livestock 1.
Today, more than 77% of land (excluding Antarctica) and 87% of the ocean has been …

As human activities increasingly threaten biodiversity [1, 2], areas devoid of intense human
impacts are vital refugia [3]. These wilderness areas contain high genetic diversity, unique …

Reef corals are highly sensitive to heat, yet populations resistant to climate change have
recently been identified. To determine the mechanisms of temperature tolerance, we …

Tropical corals live close to their upper thermal limit making them vulnerable to unusually
warm summer sea temperatures. The resulting thermal stress can lead to breakdown of the …

Editors note: For easy download the posted pdf of the Explaining Extreme Events of 2016 is
a very low-resolution file. A high-resolution copy of the report is available by clicking. Please …

Background The rising temperature of the world's oceans has become a major threat to coral
reefs globally as the severity and frequency of mass coral bleaching and mortality events …

This report provides a detailed assessment of the status of and threats to the world's coral
reefs. It evaluates threats to coral reefs from a wide range of human activities, and includes …