Trunk injection is a targeted delivery of pesticides, insecticides, nutrients, or other plant
protection materials into the stem or trunk of woody plants as an alternative to spraying or …

Phosphonic acid‐based fungicides, also referred to as phosphonates, have been used
extensively as crop protectants in horticulture since the late 1970s, and more recently in …

Holm oak decline is a complex phenomenon mainly influenced by the presence of
Phytophthora cinnamomi and water stress. Plant functional traits (PTs) are altered during the …

The Phytophthora genus is composed, mainly, of plant pathogens. This genus belongs to
the Oomycete class, also known as “pseudo-fungi”, within the Chromista Kingdom …

Quercus ilex may be considered the queen tree of the Mediterranean Basin, dominating
coastal forest areas up to 2000 m above sea level at some sites. However, an increase in …

Vegetative endotherapy has shown satisfactory results in replacing conventional techniques
for crop production material applications, such as spraying or via soil, in trees of perennial …

Enhancement of the natural defenses of a plant by beneficial microorganisms, ie, endophytic
bacteria and fungi or fertilizers such as copper phosphonates, could result in a potential …

Phosphonate fungicides are the most efficient chemicals for the control of oomycete root
diseases which are causing significant economic and ecological losses in Mediterranean …

Phytophthora cinnamomi is a harmful microorganism that can infect Cinnamomum plants
and cause the rotting of plant roots. It has been reported as infecting nearly 5000 types of …

Cork oak (Quercus suber) is one of the most important forest species in Portugal and in the
Mediterranean basin, but in recent decades a progressive decline has been registered in …