The recent increase in genomic data is revealing an unexpected perspective of gene loss as
a pervasive source of genetic variation that can cause adaptive phenotypic diversity. This …

We have witnessed an explosion in our understanding of the evolution and structure of plant
genomes in recent years. Here, we highlight three important emergent realizations:(1) that …

The whole-genome duplication 80 million years ago of the common ancestor of salmonids
(salmonid-specific fourth vertebrate whole-genome duplication, Ss4R) provides unique …

(novel expression domain or protein function)(the latter two illustrated in Fig. 1). Even more
varied yet poorly understood is the gamut of short-term evolutionary responses to polyploidy …

Abstract Background Hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a globally important crop. Heat,
drought and their combination dramatically reduce wheat yield and quality, but the …

Bamboo represents the only major lineage of grasses that is native to forests and is one of
the most important non-timber forest products in the world. However, no species in the …

The common potato, Solanum tuberosum L., is the third most important food crop and is
grown and consumed worldwide. Indigenous cultivated (landrace) potatoes and wild potato …

The flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana is an important model system for identifying genes
and determining their functions. Here we report the analysis of the genomic sequence of …

The role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a signal in animals has been documented for
over 60 years. In contrast, evidence that GABA is a signal in plants has only emerged in the …

Gene duplication has generally been viewed as a necessary source of material for the origin
of evolutionary novelties, but it is unclear how often gene duplicates arise and how …