Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by a low glomerular filtration rate or high
albuminuria, and affects 15–20% of adults globally. CKD increases the risk of various …

Cardiorenal syndrome encompasses a spectrum of disorders involving both the heart and
kidneys in which acute or chronic dysfunction in 1 organ may induce acute or chronic …

Osteoporosis is a global public health problem, with fractures contributing to significant
morbidity and mortality. Although postmenopausal osteoporosis is most common, up to 30 …

Fibrosis is a process characterized by an excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix
as a response to different types of tissue injuries, which leads to organ dysfunction. The …

Abstract The Klotho proteins, αKlotho and βKlotho, are essential components of endocrine
fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor complexes, as they are required for the high-affinity …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a highly common complication and the first cause of death
in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on haemodialysis (HD). In this population …

X-linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) is the most common cause of inherited phosphate
wasting and is associated with severe complications such as rickets, lower limb deformities …

In chronic kidney disease, anemia and disordered iron homeostasis are prevalent and
associated with significant adverse consequences. In 2012, Kidney Disease: Improving …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of renal function. The gradual decline in
kidney function leads to an accumulation of toxins normally cleared by the kidneys, resulting …

Nutritional Management of Chronic Kidney Disease | NEJM Skip to main content NEJM Group
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