Newly discovered true (non-null) associations often have inflated effects compared with the
true effect sizes. I discuss here the main reasons for this inflation. First, theoretical …

Background—The aim of the present study was to estimate the impact of inherited
thrombophilia (IT) on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) onset and recurrence in …

Adequate reporting of randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) is necessary to allow accurate
critical appraisal of the validity and applicability of the results. The CONSORT (Consolidated …

This chapter has been prepared by the Non-Randomised Studies Methods Group (NRSMG)
of The Cochrane Collaboration (see Box 13.8. a). It is intended to support review authors …

A pesar de que la mayor parte de la investigación biomédica es de tipo observacional, la
información difundida sobre estas investigaciones es a menudo insuficiente, lo que dificulta …

Background: The conduct of randomized, controlled trials of nonpharmacologic treatments
presents specific challenges that are not adequately addressed in trial reports. Objective: To …

In 2005, draft guidelines were published for reporting studies of quality improvement
interventions as the initial step in a consensus process for development of a more definitive …

OBJECTIVE: To describe the electronic medical databases used in antiretroviral therapy
(ART) programmes in lower-income countries and assess the measures such programmes …

To evaluate strategies used to select cases and controls and how reported odds ratios are
interpreted, the authors examined 150 case-control studies published in leading general …

False-positive results are inherent in the scientific process of testing hypotheses concerning
the determinants of cancer and other human illnesses. Although much of what is known …