… of hypercalcemia is vast, the clinical focus of this monograph will be the diagnosis and
treatment of the most common causes of hypercalcemia, malignancy-associated hypercalcemia, …

… Consequently, decreased levels of PTH and decreased levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D should
accompany hypercalcemia unless the PTH or 1,25(OH) 2 D is the cause of the hypercalcemia. …

… of patients with hypercalcemia whose etiology is so unusual that it is not listed in many
reviews of hypercalcemia and is even more rarely considered in patients with hypercalcemia of …

… of severe or symptomatic hypercalcemia, the addition of … hypercalcemia due to lymphoma
or granulomatous diseases. Dialysis is generally reserved for those with severe hypercalcemia …

In the human body, vitamin D3 can be formed by UV-B irradiation of 7-dehydrocholesterol in
the skin or can be derived from dietary sources, in the form of vitamin D3 or vitamin D2 (Fig. …

… Hypercalcemia can be defined as serum calcium greater than 2 SDs more than the normal
mean in a reference laboratory. The ionized calcium (Ca ++ ) is the biologically active moiety …

… hypercalcemia has advanced, the core principles guiding evaluation and treatment of patients
with hypercalcemia … , etiology, and management of hypercalcemia introduced to me as a …

… mechanisms responsible for the hypercalcemia of malignancy. … mechanisms responsible
for hypercalcemia ofmalignancy … 34 human hypercalcemia factor and 1-34 human parathyroid …

… are many other causes of hypercalcemia, and numerous procedures have … The work-up for
hypercalcemia requires an integrated … clinical presentations associated with hypercalcemia. …

… Although increased renal tubular calcium reabsorption is important in the pathophysiology
of hypercalcemia, it is rarely the sole cause for hypercalcemia. The primary cause is …