Immunogenicity of new primary immunization schedules with inactivated poliovirus vaccine and bivalent oral polio vaccine for the polio endgame: a review

AS Bandyopadhyay, JF Modlin… - Clinical Infectious …, 2018 - academic.oup.com
AS Bandyopadhyay, JF Modlin, J Wenger, C Gast
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2018academic.oup.com
In May 2016, countries using oral polio vaccine for routine immunization switched from
trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent type 1 and 3 OPV (bOPV). This was done
in order to reduce risks from type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV2) and vaccine-
associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and to introduce≥ 1 dose of inactivated poliovirus
vaccine (IPV) to mitigate post-switch loss of type 2 immunity. We conducted a literature
review of studies that assessed humoral and intestinal immunogenicity induced by the newly …
Abstract
In May 2016, countries using oral polio vaccine for routine immunization switched from trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent type 1 and 3 OPV (bOPV). This was done in order to reduce risks from type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV2) and vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and to introduce ≥1 dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) to mitigate post-switch loss of type 2 immunity. We conducted a literature review of studies that assessed humoral and intestinal immunogenicity induced by the newly recommended schedules. Differences in seroconversion rates were closely associated with both timing of first IPV administration and number of doses administered. All studies demonstrated high levels of immunity for types 1 and 3 regardless of immunization schedule. When administered late in the primary series, a second dose of IPV closed the humoral immunity gap against polio type 2 associated with a single dose. IPV doses and administration schedules appear to have limited impact on type 2 excretion following challenge.
Oxford University Press
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