Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist mediates the antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effect of mesenchymal stem cells during lung injury

LA Ortiz, M DuTreil, C Fattman… - Proceedings of the …, 2007 - National Acad Sciences
LA Ortiz, M DuTreil, C Fattman, AC Pandey, G Torres, K Go, DG Phinney
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007National Acad Sciences
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been exploited as cellular vectors to treat a wide
array of diseases but the mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic effect remain
indeterminate. Previously, we reported that MSCs inhibit bleomycin (BLM)-induced
inflammation and fibrosis within the lungs of mice. Interrogation of the MSC transcriptome
identified interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) as a potential mediator of this effect.
Fractionation studies indicated that MSCs are the principal source of IL1RN in murine bone …
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been exploited as cellular vectors to treat a wide array of diseases but the mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic effect remain indeterminate. Previously, we reported that MSCs inhibit bleomycin (BLM)-induced inflammation and fibrosis within the lungs of mice. Interrogation of the MSC transcriptome identified interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) as a potential mediator of this effect. Fractionation studies indicated that MSCs are the principal source of IL1RN in murine bone marrow and that its expression is restricted to a unique subpopulation of cells. Moreover, MSC-conditioned media was shown to block proliferation of an IL-1α-dependent T cell line and inhibit production of TNF-α by activated macrophages in vitro. Studies conducted in mice revealed that MSC administration was more effective than recombinant IL1RN delivered via adenoviral infection or osmotic pumps in inhibiting BLM-induced increases in TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL1RN mRNA in lung, IL1RN protein in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and trafficking of lymphocytes and neutrophils into the lung. Therefore, MSCs protect lung tissue from BLM-induced injury by blocking TNF-α and IL-1, two fundamental proinflammatory cytokines in lung. Identification of IL1RN-expressing human MSC subpopulations may provide a novel cellular vector for treating chronic inflammatory diseases in humans.
National Acad Sciences
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