Recent advances in causal mediation analysis have formalized conditions for estimating
direct and indirect effects in various contexts. These approaches have been extended to a
number of models for survival outcomes including accelerated failure time models, which
are widely used in a broad range of health applications given their intuitive interpretation. In
this setting, it has been suggested that under standard assumptions, the “difference” and
“product” methods produce equivalent estimates of the indirect effect of exposure on the …