Perforations following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a single institution experience and surgical recommendations

R Miller, A Zbar, Y Klein, V Buyeviz, E Melzer… - The American Journal of …, 2013 - Elsevier
Background Perforation after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is
uncommon, and its management is dependent on the mechanism and the graded
classification of injury. Methods Records of patients undergoing ERCP were analyzed over a
16-year period, patterning the types of injuries, diagnosis, management, and patient
outcome. Type I injuries damage the medial or lateral duodenal wall before sphincter
cannulation. Type II injuries are periampullary and occur as a result of a precut or a …
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