The progesterone challenge: steroid hormone changes following a simulated territorial intrusion in female Peromyscus californicus

ES Davis, CA Marler - Hormones and Behavior, 2003 - Elsevier
There is a growing body of evidence that the rapid but transient increase in male androgens,
particularly testosterone (T), following a single social encounter such as a territorial intrusion
occurs in a wide array of vertebrate taxa. Yet, this phenomenon, often called the Challenge
Hypothesis, has rarely been investigated in females. Moreover, when studying male
challenge effects, researchers have rarely investigated other hormones that can be
important to the expression of aggression, such as progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2). We …
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