The nature of the temporal relationship between antibacterial consumption and
Streptococcus pneumoniae penicillin resistance is investigated using population level data …

Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to penicillin and erythromycin in relation to β-lactam
and macrolide consumption in Spain over 19 years (1979–1997) was studied from …

ABSTRACT A geographical analysis of how commonly prescribed oral antibiotics are
quantitatively and qualitatively responsible for the different local rates of erythromycin and …

We investigated the impact of the usage of antibiotics in ambulatory patients in Belgium in
147 defined geographical circumscriptions and at the individual isolate level. The study …

Studies of the relationship between antibiotic use and resistance in pneumococci have
produced conflicting results, reflecting differences in study design, setting, and measures of …

Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to antibiotics is considered a public health problem,
and yet the link between year-to-year increases in resistance and antimicrobial consumption …

The frequency of resistance to antibiotics in Streptococcus pneumoniae has been stable
over recent decades. For example, penicillin non-susceptibility in Europe has fluctuated …

ABSTRACT A 16% decline in rates of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
isolates in Taiwan between 1998–1999 (25%) and 2001 (9%) was associated with a 46 …

Our study confronts the use of antimicrobial agents in ambulatory care with the resistance
trends of 2 major pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, in 21 …

Using susceptibility rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella
pneumoniae, and Enterobacter cloacae over time as markers, we assessed the significance …